Dry eyes are not uncommon in old age. As we get older, tear production can decrease, and the surface of the eye becomes more sensitive. This can lead to a persistent feeling of dryness. Many older people report irritated, tired, or burning eyes – especially in the evening or after prolonged reading or screen work.
With the natural aging process, various structures of the eye change. The tear film, which protects the cornea and ensures clear vision, becomes less stable. At the same time, the quality of the protective lipid layer decreases, causing the tear fluid to evaporate more quickly. The result is dry eyes in old age, which, if left untreated, can significantly impair quality of life.
Typical symptoms
The symptoms can vary in severity. The following symptoms are common:
- Burning sensation, friction, dry eyelids
- Tired eyes, especially in the evening
- Blurred vision during exertion
Why might they be affected?
There are several reasons why dry eyes are more common with age:
1. Natural decline in tear production
- As we age, the tear glands produce less fluid.
2. Slowed lipid secretion at the eyelid margin
- The so-called meibomian glands function less effectively. As a result, the tear film lacks the stabilizing fatty layer.
3. More medication (e.g., beta-blockers)
- Certain medications can cause dry eyes as a side effect.
4. Accompanying illnesses (e.g., rheumatism)
- Chronic inflammatory diseases or metabolic disorders can further affect eye health.
Possible treatments
- Tear supplements (drops, gels)
- Warm compresses and eyelid care
- Omega-3-rich diet
- Indoor air humidification
- In severe cases: ophthalmological therapy such as punctal plugs or anti-inflammatory drops.
Conclusion
Dry eyes are common in old age, but easily treatable. Early and consistent care can significantly alleviate symptoms and prevent complications. Anyone experiencing persistent or severe symptoms should have an eye examination. With the right treatment, eye health can be maintained as well as possible, even in later life.